There are many treatments for skin carcinoma. Several factor must be considered to select a treatment such as type of skin, where the skin carcinoma appear on the body, whether the skin carcinoma is aggressive or not, stage of the cancer and patient’s health.

Surgery

Many different kinds of surgery can be used for basal cell and squamous cell skin cancers. The options for surgery depend on how large the cancer is, where it is on the body, and the specific type of skin cancer. There are several types of surgery:

o   Excision

For this surgery, the skin is first numbed with a local anesthetic. The cancer is then cut out with a surgical knife, along with some surrounding normal skin. The remaining skin is carefully stitched back together, leaving a small scar.

o   Curettage and electrodesiccation

These types of surgery remove the cancer by scraping it with a curette. The area is then treated with an electric needle to destroy any remaining cancer cells. Curettage and electrodesiccation is a good treatment for superficial basal cell squamous cell cancers. It will leave a small scar.

o   Mohs surgery

Mohs surgery is sometimes used when there is a high risk of the skin cancer coming back after treatment, when the extent of the skin cancer is not known, or when the goal is to save as much healthy skin as possible, such as with cancers around the eye. This techniques will removes a very thin layer of the skin including the cancer and then checks the outer edges of the sample under a microscope. If cancer cells are seen, the next layer is removed and examined. This repeated until the skin samples are found to be free of cancer cells.

Radiotherapy

Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays (such as x-rays) or particles to kill cancer cells. Electron beam radiation is radiotherapy to treat skin carcinoma. It uses a beam of electrons that only penetrate as far as the skin. This helps limit the side effects to other organs and body tissues. Radiation therapy is primary treatment instead of surgery and it useful for some patients who, because of poor general health. Radiation therapy can often cure small basal or squamous cell skin cancers and can delay the growth of more advanced cancers. Side effects of radiation can include skin irritation, redness, drying, and hair loss in the area being treated.

Chemotherapy

Systematic chemotherapy uses anti-cancer drugs that are injected into a vein or given by mouth. These drugs travel through the bloodstream to all parts of the body. Systematic chemotherapy can attack cancer cells that have spread to lymph nodes and other organs. One or more drugs may be used to treat squamous cell carcinoma that has spread. The side effects of chemo depend on the type and dose of drugs given and the length of time they are taken. The side effect includes hair loss, mouth sores, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, increased risk of infection, easy bruising or bleeding and fatigue.

SKIN CARCINOMA TREATMENT

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